A Level Biology Practice Exam

What happens to species as a result of divergent evolution?

1. they become extinct

2. they evolve into similar species

3. they develop unique adaptations

4. they stagnate without change

The correct answer is: they develop unique adaptations

Divergent evolution occurs when two or more related species become more dissimilar over time, typically as they adapt to different environments or ecological niches. This process leads to the development of unique adaptations that enable each species to survive and thrive in their specific surroundings. For example, mammals such as wolves and bears share a common ancestor but have evolved distinct physical traits and behaviors suited to their respective lifestyles. As these species adapt to their unique environments, they may develop specialized features such as changes in body size, shape, or feeding strategies. This diversification enhances their chances of survival within their specific ecological contexts. The other options do not accurately describe the outcomes of divergent evolution, as they either suggest a lack of adaptation or imply a convergence back to similarity, neither of which align with the principles of how divergent evolution operates.