A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is the term for metabolic reactions that construct molecules from smaller units?

1. Catabolism

2. Metabolism

3. Anabolism

4. Hydrolysis

The correct answer is: Anabolism

The term that describes metabolic reactions which construct larger molecules from smaller units is anabolism. This process involves synthesizing complex molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, from simpler ones like amino acids and nucleotides, respectively. Anabolic pathways are essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of cells and tissues, facilitating the storage of energy and the creation of biomolecules. In contrast, catabolism refers to the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller units, typically releasing energy in the process. Metabolism is a broader term encompassing both anabolic and catabolic reactions that occur within an organism. Hydrolysis, on the other hand, specifically refers to the reaction where water is used to break chemical bonds, often associated with catabolic processes rather than the construction of molecules.